Dr. Ramratnam completed undergraduate and medical education at Brown University. Following residency and chief residency at Brown, he completed a postdoctoral fellowship at The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University in the Clinical Scholars Program and is now the head of the Laboratory of Retrovirology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School. He serves as Chief Scientific Officer, Brown Innovation and Research Collaborative for Health (BIRCH) and Vice President of Research at Lifespan. He is also the Vice Chair of Research for the Department of Medicine at Brown University as well as an Attending Physician at Miriam and Rhode Island Hospitals.
| Li, M, Lee, K, Hsu, M, Nau, G, Mylonakis, E, Ramratnam, B. "Lactobacillus-derived extracellular vesicles enhance host immune responses against vancomycin-resistant enterococci." BMC Microbiology, vol. 17, no. 1, 2017, pp. 66. |
| Monnig, Mollie, Kahler, Christopher, Cioe, Patricia, Monti, Peter, Mayer, Kenneth, Pantalone, David, Cohen, Ronald, Ramratnam, Bharat. "Markers of Microbial Translocation and Immune Activation Predict Cognitive Processing Speed in Heavy-Drinking Men Living with HIV." Microorganisms, vol. 5, no. 4, 2017, pp. 64. |
| Mao G, Ramratnam B. "National Institutes of Health Funding in Rhode Island." Rhode Island medical journal (2013), vol. 100, no. 7, 2017, pp. 22-26. |
| Cheruiyot, C, Pataki, Z, Williams, R, Ramratnam, B, Li, M. "SILAC Based Proteomic Characterization of Exosomes from HIV-1 Infected Cells." Journal of Visualized Experiments, no. 121, 2017. |
| Mao G, Ramratnam B. "The Clinical Research Landscape in Rhode Island." Rhode Island medical journal (2013), vol. 100, no. 1, 2017, pp. 42-46. |
| Jamwal R, Topletz AR, Ramratnam B, Akhlaghi F. "Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry for simple and simultaneous quantification of cannabinoids." Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, vol. 1048, 2017, pp. 10-18. |
| Monnig MA, Kahler CW, Cioe PA, Tucker L, Monti PM, Mayer KH, Ramratnam B. "Alcohol use predicts elevation in inflammatory marker soluble CD14 in men living with HIV." AIDS Care, vol. 28, no. 11, 2016, pp. 1-7. |
| Sankapal, Soni, Gupta, Phalguni, Ratner, Deena, Ding, Ming, Shen, Chengli, Sanyal, Anwesha, Stolz, Donna, Cu-Uvin, Susan, Ramratnam, Bharat, Chen, Yue. "HIV Exposure to the Epithelia in Ectocervical and Colon Tissues Induces Inflammatory Cytokines Without Tight Junction Disruption." AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, vol. 32, no. 10-11, 2016, pp. 1054-1066. |
| Li M, Ramratnam B. "Proteomic Characterization of Exosomes from HIV-1-Infected Cells." Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 1354, 2016, pp. 311-26. |
| Li M, Tucker LD, Asara JM, Cheruiyot CK, Lu H, Wu ZJ, Newstein MC, Dooner MS, Friedman J, Lally MA, Ramratnam B. "Stem-loop binding protein is a multifaceted cellular regulator of HIV-1 replication." Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 126, no. 8, 2016, pp. 3117-3129. |
| Ahsan, Nagib, Rao, R. Shyama Prasad, Gruppuso, Philip A., Ramratnam, Bharat, Salomon, Arthur R. "Targeted proteomics: Current status and future perspectives for quantification of food allergens." Journal of Proteomics, vol. 143, 2016, pp. 15-23. |
| Hughes BL, Dutt R, Raker C, Barthelemy M, Rossoll RM, Ramratnam B, Wira CR, Cu-Uvin S. "The impact of pregnancy on anti-HIV activity of cervicovaginal secretions." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 215, no. 6, 2016, pp. 748.e1-748.e12. |
| Londin E, Loher P, Telonis AG, Quann K, Clark P, Jing Y, Hatzimichael E, Kirino Y, Honda S, Lally M, Ramratnam B, Comstock CE, Knudsen KE, Gomella L, Spaeth GL, Hark L, Katz LJ, Witkiewicz A, Rostami A, Jimenez SA, Hollingsworth MA, Yeh JJ, Shaw CA, McKenzie SE, Bray P, Nelson PT, Zupo S, Van Roosbroeck K, Keating MJ, Calin GA, Yeo C, Jimbo M, Cozzitorto J, Brody JR, Delgrosso K, Mattick JS, Fortina P, Rigoutsos I. "Analysis of 13 cell types reveals evidence for the expression of numerous novel primate- and tissue-specific microRNAs." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 112, no. 10, 2015, pp. E1106-15. |
| Tang X, Zheng D, Hu P, Zeng Z, Li M, Tucker L, Monahan R, Resnick MB, Liu M, Ramratnam B. "Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta inhibits microRNA-183-96-182 cluster via the β-Catenin/TCF/LEF-1 pathway in gastric cancer cells." Nucleic acids research, vol. 42, no. 5, 2014, pp. 2988-98. |
| Tang X, Wen S, Zheng D, Tucker L, Cao L, Pantazatos D, Moss SF, Ramratnam B. "Acetylation of drosha on the N-terminus inhibits its degradation by ubiquitination." PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 8, 2013, pp. e72503. |
| Gupta P, Lackman-Smith C, Snyder B, Ratner D, Rohan LC, Patton D, Ramratnam B, Cole AM. "Antiviral activity of retrocyclin RC-101, a candidate microbicide against cell-associated HIV-1." AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, vol. 29, no. 2, 2013, pp. 391-6. |
| Fiscus SA, Cu-Uvin S, Eshete AT, Hughes MD, Bao Y, Hosseinipour M, Grinsztejn B, Badal-Faesen S, Dragavon J, Coombs RW, Braun K, Moran L, Hakim J, Flanigan T, Kumarasamy N, Campbell TB, A5185s Team. "Changes in HIV-1 subtypes B and C genital tract RNA in women and men after initiation of antiretroviral therapy." Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 57, no. 2, 2013, pp. 290-7. |
| Quesenberry PJ, Dooner MS, Goldberg LR, Aliotta JM, Pereira M, Amaral A, Del Tatto MM, Hixson DC, Ramratnam B. "A new stem cell biology: the continuum and microvesicles." Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, vol. 123, 2012, pp. 152-66; discussion 166. |
| Campbell TB, Smeaton LM, Kumarasamy N, Flanigan T, Klingman KL, Firnhaber C, Grinsztejn B, Hosseinipour MC, Kumwenda J, Lalloo U, Riviere C, Sanchez J, Melo M, Supparatpinyo K, Tripathy S, Martinez AI, Nair A, Walawander A, Moran L, Chen Y, Snowden W, Rooney JF, Uy J, Schooley RT, De Gruttola V, Hakim JG, PEARLS study team of the ACTG. "Efficacy and safety of three antiretroviral regimens for initial treatment of HIV-1: a randomized clinical trial in diverse multinational settings." PLOS Medicine, vol. 9, no. 8, 2012, pp. e1001290. |
| Li M, Aliotta JM, Asara JM, Tucker L, Quesenberry P, Lally M, Ramratnam B. "Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from HIV-1-infected lymphocytic cells." PROTEOMICS, vol. 12, no. 13, 2012, pp. 2203-11. |
| Gupta P, Ratner D, Ding M, Patterson B, Rohan LC, Reinhart TA, Ayyavoo V, Huang X, Patton DL, Ramratnam B, Cole AM. "Retrocyclin RC-101 blocks HIV-1 transmission across cervical mucosa in an organ culture." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 60, no. 5, 2012, pp. 455-61. |
| Aliotta JM, Pereira M, Li M, Amaral A, Sorokina A, Dooner MS, Sears EH, Brilliant K, Ramratnam B, Hixson DC, Quesenberry PJ. "Stable cell fate changes in marrow cells induced by lung-derived microvesicles." Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, vol. 1, 2012. |
| Tang X, Li M, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. "Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) phosphorylates the RNAase III enzyme Drosha at S300 and S302." PLoS ONE, vol. 6, no. 6, 2011, pp. e20391. |
| Li M, Patton DL, Cosgrove-Sweeney Y, Ratner D, Rohan LC, Cole AM, Tarwater PM, Gupta P, Ramratnam B. "Incorporation of the HIV-1 microbicide cyanovirin-N in a food product." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 58, no. 4, 2011, pp. 379-84. |
| Del Tatto M, Ng T, Aliotta JM, Colvin GA, Dooner MS, Berz D, Dooner GJ, Papa EF, Hixson DC, Ramratnam B, Aswad BI, Sears EH, Reagan J, Quesenberry PJ. "Marrow cell genetic phenotype change induced by human lung cancer cells." Experimental hematology, vol. 39, no. 11, 2011, pp. 1072-80. |
| Gao JS, Zhang Y, Tang X, Tucker LD, Tarwater PM, Quesenberry PJ, Rigoutsos I, Ramratnam B. "The Evi1, microRNA-143, K-Ras axis in colon cancer." FEBS Letters, vol. 585, no. 4, 2011, pp. 693-9. |
| Song Gao J, Zhang Y, Li M, Tucker LD, Machan JT, Quesenberry P, Rigoutsos I, Ramratnam B. "Atypical transcription of microRNA gene fragments." Nucleic acids research, vol. 38, no. 9, 2010, pp. 2775-87. |
| Li M, Aliotta JM, Asara JM, Wu Q, Dooner MS, Tucker LD, Wells A, Quesenberry PJ, Ramratnam B. "Intercellular transfer of proteins as identified by stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture." Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 285, no. 9, 2010, pp. 6285-97. |
| Aliotta JM, Pereira M, Johnson KW, de Paz N, Dooner MS, Puente N, Ayala C, Brilliant K, Berz D, Lee D, Ramratnam B, McMillan PN, Hixson DC, Josic D, Quesenberry PJ. "Microvesicle entry into marrow cells mediates tissue-specific changes in mRNA by direct delivery of mRNA and induction of transcription." Experimental hematology, vol. 38, no. 3, 2010, pp. 233-45. |
| Tang X, Zhang Y, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. "Phosphorylation of the RNase III enzyme Drosha at Serine300 or Serine302 is required for its nuclear localization." Nucleic acids research, vol. 38, no. 19, 2010, pp. 6610-9. |
| Cole AM, Patton DL, Rohan LC, Cole AL, Cosgrove-Sweeney Y, Rogers NA, Ratner D, Sassi AB, Lackman-Smith C, Tarwater P, Ramratnam B, Ruchala P, Lehrer RI, Waring AJ, Gupta P. "The formulated microbicide RC-101 was safe and antivirally active following intravaginal application in pigtailed macaques." PLoS ONE, vol. 5, no. 11, 2010, pp. e15111. |
| Saravanan S, Vidya M, Balakrishnan P, Kumarasamy N, Solomon SS, Solomon S, Kantor R, Katzenstein D, Ramratnam B, Mayer KH. "Evaluation of two human immunodeficiency virus-1 genotyping systems: ViroSeq 2.0 and an in-house method." Journal of virological methods, vol. 159, no. 2, 2009, pp. 211-6. |
| Vidya M, Saravanan S, Uma S, Kumarasamy N, Sunil SS, Kantor R, Katzenstein D, Ramratnam B, Mayer KH, Suniti S, Balakrishnan P. "Genotypic HIV type-1 drug resistance among patients with immunological failure to first-line antiretroviral therapy in south India." Antiviral therapy, vol. 14, no. 7, 2009, pp. 1005-9. |
| Zhang Y, Gao JS, Tang X, Tucker LD, Quesenberry P, Rigoutsos I, Ramratnam B. "MicroRNA 125a and its regulation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene." FEBS Letters, vol. 583, no. 22, 2009, pp. 3725-30. |
| Pellish RS, Nasir A, Ramratnam B, Moss SF. "Review article: RNA interference--potential therapeutic applications for the gastroenterologist." Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol. 27, no. 9, 2008, pp. 715-23. |
| Tang X, Gao JS, Guan YJ, McLane KE, Yuan ZL, Ramratnam B, Chin YE. "Acetylation-dependent signal transduction for type I interferon receptor." Cell, vol. 131, no. 1, 2007, pp. 93-105. |
| Boden D, Pusch O, Ramratnam B. "Overcoming HIV-1 resistance to RNA interference." Frontiers in Bioscience, vol. 12, 2007, pp. 3104-16. |
| Galen B, Cheshenko N, Tuyama A, Ramratnam B, Herold BC. "Access to nectin favors herpes simplex virus infection at the apical surface of polarized human epithelial cells." Journal of Virology, vol. 80, no. 24, 2006, pp. 12209-18. |
| Pusch O, Kalyanaraman R, Tucker LD, Wells JM, Ramratnam B, Boden D. "An anti-HIV microbicide engineered in commensal bacteria: secretion of HIV-1 fusion inhibitors by lactobacilli." AIDS, vol. 20, no. 15, 2006, pp. 1917-22. |
| Zhang Y, Cristofaro P, Silbermann R, Pusch O, Boden D, Konkin T, Hovanesian V, Monfils PR, Resnick M, Moss SF, Ramratnam B. "Engineering mucosal RNA interference in vivo." Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, vol. 14, no. 3, 2006, pp. 336-42. |
| Cristofaro P, Ramratnam B. "RNAi tackles a sexually transmitted disease." Nat Biotechnol, vol. 24, no. 1, 2006, pp. 48-9. |
| Pusch O, Boden D, Hannify S, Lee F, Tucker LD, Boyd MR, Wells JM, Ramratnam B. "Bioengineering lactic acid bacteria to secrete the HIV-1 virucide cyanovirin." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 40, no. 5, 2005, pp. 512-20. |
| Balakrishnan P, Kumarasamy N, Kantor R, Solomon S, Vidya S, Mayer KH, Newstein M, Thyagarajan SP, Katzenstein D, Ramratnam B. "HIV type 1 genotypic variation in an antiretroviral treatment-naive population in southern India." AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, vol. 21, no. 4, 2005, pp. 301-5. |
| Newstein M, Losikoff P, Caliendo A, Ingersoll J, Kurpewski J, Hanley D, Cerezo J, Ramratnam B, Cu-Uvin S. "Prevalence and persistence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations in the female genital tract." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 38, no. 3, 2005, pp. 364-6. |
| Boden D, Pusch O, Lee F, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. "Efficient gene transfer of HIV-1-specific short hairpin RNA into human lymphocytic cells using recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors." Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, vol. 9, no. 3, 2004, pp. 396-402. |
| Boden D, Pusch O, Silbermann R, Lee F, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. "Enhanced gene silencing of HIV-1 specific siRNA using microRNA designed hairpins." Nucleic acids research, vol. 32, no. 3, 2004, pp. 1154-8. |
| Boden D, Pusch O, Ramratnam B. "HIV-1-specific RNA interference." Current opinion in molecular therapeutics, vol. 6, no. 4, 2004, pp. 373-80. |
| Ramratnam B, Ribeiro R, He T, Chung C, Simon V, Vanderhoeven J, Hurley A, Zhang L, Perelson AS, Ho DD, Markowitz M. "Intensification of antiretroviral therapy accelerates the decay of the HIV-1 latent reservoir and decreases, but does not eliminate, ongoing virus replication." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 35, no. 1, 2004, pp. 33-7. |
| Boden D, Pusch O, Lee F, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape from RNA interference." Journal of Virology, vol. 77, no. 21, 2003, pp. 11531-5. |
| Pusch O, Boden D, Silbermann R, Lee F, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. "Nucleotide sequence homology requirements of HIV-1-specific short hairpin RNA." Nucleic acids research, vol. 31, no. 22, 2003, pp. 6444-9. |
| Boden D, Pusch O, Lee F, Tucker L, Shank PR, Ramratnam B. "Promoter choice affects the potency of HIV-1 specific RNA interference." Nucleic acids research, vol. 31, no. 17, 2003, pp. 5033-8. |
| Markowitz M, Jin X, Hurley A, Simon V, Ramratnam B, Louie M, Deschenes GR, Ramanathan M Jr, Barsoum S, Vanderhoeven J, He T, Chung C, Murray J, Perelson AS, Zhang L, Ho DD. "Discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy commenced early during the course of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, with or without adjunctive vaccination." The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 186, no. 5, 2002, pp. 634-43. |
| Simon V, Vanderhoeven J, Hurley A, Ramratnam B, Louie M, Dawson K, Parkin N, Boden D, Markowitz M. "Evolving patterns of HIV-1 resistance to antiretroviral agents in newly infected individuals." AIDS, vol. 16, no. 11, 2002, pp. 1511-9. |
| Ortiz GM, Hu J, Goldwitz JA, Chandwani R, Larsson M, Bhardwaj N, Bonhoeffer S, Ramratnam B, Zhang L, Markowitz MM, Nixon DF. "Residual viral replication during antiretroviral therapy boosts human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in subjects treated early after infection." Journal of Virology, vol. 76, no. 1, 2002, pp. 411-5. |
| Mohri H, Perelson AS, Tung K, Ribeiro RM, Ramratnam B, Markowitz M, Kost R, Hurley A, Weinberger L, Cesar D, Hellerstein MK, Ho DD. "Increased turnover of T lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection and its reduction by antiretroviral therapy." Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 194, no. 9, 2001, pp. 1277-87. |
| Zhang L, Chung C, Hu BS, He T, Guo Y, Kim AJ, Skulsky E, Jin X, Hurley A, Ramratnam B, Markowitz M, Ho DD. "Genetic characterization of rebounding HIV-1 after cessation of highly active antiretroviral therapy." Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 106, no. 7, 2000, pp. 839-45. |
| Ramratnam B, Mittler JE, Zhang L, Boden D, Hurley A, Fang F, Macken CA, Perelson AS, Markowitz M, Ho DD. "The decay of the latent reservoir of replication-competent HIV-1 is inversely correlated with the extent of residual viral replication during prolonged anti-retroviral therapy." Nature Medicine, vol. 6, no. 1, 2000, pp. 82-5. |
| Larsson M, Jin X, Ramratnam B, Ogg GS, Engelmayer J, Demoitie MA, McMichael AJ, Cox WI, Steinman RM, Nixon D, Bhardwaj N. "A recombinant vaccinia virus based ELISPOT assay detects high frequencies of Pol-specific CD8 T cells in HIV-1-positive individuals." AIDS, vol. 13, no. 7, 1999, pp. 767-77. |
| Zhang L, Ramratnam B, Tenner-Racz K, He Y, Vesanen M, Lewin S, Talal A, Racz P, Perelson AS, Korber BT, Markowitz M, Ho DD. "Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy." New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 340, no. 21, 1999, pp. 1605-13. |
| Ramratnam B, Bonhoeffer S, Binley J, Hurley A, Zhang L, Mittler JE, Markowitz M, Moore JP, Perelson AS, Ho DD. "Rapid production and clearance of HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus assessed by large volume plasma apheresis." The Lancet, vol. 354, no. 9192, 1999, pp. 1782-5. |
| Ahmed A, Aggarwal M, Chiu R, Ramratnam B, Rinaldi M, Flanigan TP. "A fatal case of Rhodotorula meningitis in AIDS." Medicine and health, Rhode Island, vol. 81, no. 1, 1998, pp. 22-3. |
| Ramratnam B, Flanigan TP. "Cryptosporidiosis in persons with HIV infection." Postgraduate medical journal, vol. 73, no. 865, 1997, pp. 713-6. |
| Ramratnam B, Kelly G, Mega A, Tilkemeier P, Schiffman FJ. "Determinants of case selection at morning report." J GEN INTERN MED, vol. 12, no. 5, 1997, pp. 263-6. |
| Rich JD, Ramratnam B, Chiang M, Tashima KT. "Management of indinavir associated nephrolithiasis." The Journal of Urology, vol. 158, no. 6, 1997, pp. 2228. |
| Grube H, Ramratnam B, Ley C, Flanigan TP. "Resolution of AIDS associated cryptosporidiosis after treatment with indinavir." American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 92, no. 4, 1997, pp. 726. |
| Rich JD, Ramratnam B, Flanigan TP. "Triple combination antiretroviral prophylaxis for needlestick exposure to HIV." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, vol. 18, no. 3, 1997, pp. 161. |
| Ramratnam B, Gollerkeri A, Martens P, Schiffman FJ, Parameswaran J. "A study of cross-coverage calls." J GEN INTERN MED, vol. 11, no. 3, 1996, pp. 189. |
| Flanigan TP, Ramratnam B, Graeber C, Hellinger J, Smith D, Wheeler D, Hawley P, Heath-Chiozzi M, Ward DJ, Brummitt C, Turner J. "Prospective trial of paromomycin for cryptosporidiosis in AIDS." The American Journal of Medicine, vol. 100, no. 3, 1996, pp. 370-2. |
| Ramratnam B, Parameswaran J, Elliot B, Newstein M, Schiffman FJ, Rich JD, Flanigan TP. "Short course dexamethasone for thrombocytopenia in AIDS." The American Journal of Medicine, vol. 100, no. 1, 1996, pp. 117-8. |
| Ramratnam B, Gollerkeri A, Schiffman FJ, Rintels P, Flanigan TP. "Management of persistent B19 parvovirus infection in AIDS." British Journal of Haematology, vol. 91, no. 1, 1995, pp. 90-2. |
1RO1HD072693 Ramratnam (PI) 4/01/2012-2/28/2018
NICHD $438,033
Reproductive Hormones and HIV-1 Acquisition
Role: PI
This R01 will investigate the role of reproductive hormones on HIV-1 acquisition.
1K24HD080539 4/01/2014-3/31/2019
NICHD $161,487
Studies in HIV-1 pathogenesis and transmission
Role: PI
The award protects 50% of my time so I can mentor junior faculty in patient-oriented research.
5P20GM103421 9/30/2002-4/30/2020
NIH $1,609,216
COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development
Role: PI
CCRD will promote the expansion of basic cancer research by creating a supportive research environment that facilitates the transition of promising scientists into independent investigators.
5PO1AA019072 Monti (PI) 9/30/2010-6/31/2021
NIH/NIAAA $76,773
Alcohol and HIV: Bio behavioral Interactions and Intervention
Role: Co-Investigator. Director of Virology Core
This project provides core laboratory services to investigators to assist in HIV and alcohol centered investigations.
1U54GM115677 Padbury (PI) 7/01/2016–4/30/2021
NIH $283,852
RI-Center for Clinical and Translational Science
Role: Co-Investigator
This award will bring together specialized clinical trials units, the ambulatory Clinical Research Center, as well as support to ongoing inpatient research across the academic hospitals. I serve as the PI of the Clinical Resources Core based at the Clinical Research Center.
28. Zhang Y, Cristafaro P, Silbermann R, Pusch O, Monfils P, Hovanesian V, Boden D, Resnick M, Moss SF, Ramratnam B. Engineering mucosal RNAi in vivo. In press Molecular Therapy.
27. Pusch O, Boden D, Hannify S, Lee F, Tucker L, Wells JM, Boyd MR, Ramratnam B, Engineering Lactic Acid Bacteria to secrete the virucide cyanovirin. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 40(5):512-20, 2005
25. Newstein M, Losikoff P, Caliendo A, Ingersoll J, Kurpewski J, Hanley D, Cerezo J, Ramratnam B, Cu-Uvin S. Prevalence and persistence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations in the female genital tract. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 38(3):364-6, 2005.
26. Balakrishnan P, Kumarasamy N, Solomon S, Vidya S, Kantor R, Mayer K, Newstein M, Thyagarajan SP, Katzenstein D, Ramratnam B. HIV-1 genotypic variation in an antiretroviral treatment naïve population in South India. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 21(4):301-5, 2005.
24. Pusch O, Boden D, Silbermann R, Lee F, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. Enhanced gene silencing of HIV-1 specific siRNA using microRNA designed hairpins. Nucleic Acids Research 32: 1154-58, 2004.
22. Pusch O, Boden D, Silbermann R, Lee F, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. Efficient gene transfer of HIV-1 specific short hairpin RNA into human lymphocytic cells using recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors. Molecular Therapy 9:396-402, 2004.
23. Ramratnam B, Ribeoro R, He T, Chung C, Simon V, Vanderhoeven J, Hurley A, Zhang L, Perelson AS, Ho DD, Markowitz M. Intensification of antiretroviral therapy accelerates the decay of the HIV-1 latent reservoir and decreases but does not eliminate ongoing virus replication. JAIDS 35: 33-7, 2004.
21. Boden D, Pusch O, Lee F, Tucker L, Ramratnam B. HIV-1 escape from RNA interference. Journal of Virology 77: 11531-11535, 2003.
20. Boden D, Pusch O, Lee F, Tucker L, Shank P, Ramratnam B. Nucleotide sequence homology requirements of HIV-1 specific shRNA. Nucleic Acids Research 31:6444-9, 2003.
19. Boden D, Pusch O, Lee F, Tucker L, Shank PR, Ramratnam B. Promoter choice affects the potency of HIV-1 specific RNA interference. Nucleic Acids Research 31:5033-8, 2003.
18. Simon V, Vanderhoeven J, Hurley A, Ramratnam B, Louie M, Dawson K, Parkin N, Boden D, Markowitz M. (2002) Evolving patterns of HIV-1 resistance to antiretroviral agents in newly infected individuals. AIDS 11:1511-9, 2002.
17. Ortiz GM, Hu J, Goldwitz JA, Chandwani R, Larsson M, Bonhoeffer S, Ramratnam, B, Zhang L, Markowitz M, Nixon DF. (2002) Residual viral replication during antiretroviral therapy boosts human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in subjects treated early after infection. J Virol 76:411-5, 2002.
16. Mohri, H., Perelson, A.S., Tung, K., Ribeiro, R., Ramratnam, B., Markowitz, M., Kost, R., Hurley, A., Weinburger, L., Cesar, D., Hellerstein, M.K., Ho, D.D. (2001) Increased turnover of T lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection and its reduction by antiretroviral therapy. J. Exp. Med.194:1277-87.
14. Ramratnam B, Mittler JE, Zhang L, Boden D, Hurley A, Fang F, Macken CA, Perelson AS, Markowitz M, Ho DD. The decay of the latent reservoir of replication-competent HIV-1 is inversely correlated with the extent of residual viral replication during prolonged antiretroviral therapy. Nat Med 6: 82-85, 2000.
15. Zhang L, Chung C, Hu BS, He T, Guo Y, Kim AJ, Skulsky E, Jin X, Hurley A, Ramratnam B, Markowitz M, Ho DD. (2000) Genetic characterization of rebounding HIV-1 after cessation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Invest 106: 839-45, 2000.
13. Ramratnam B, Bonhoeffer S, Binley J, Hurley A, Zhang L, Mittler JE, Markowitz M, Moore JP, Perelson AS, Ho DD. Rapid production and clearance of HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus particles in infected individuals as defined by large volume plasma aphaeresis. Lancet 354: 1782-5, 1999.
12. Zhang L, Ramratnam B, Tenner-Racz K, He Y, Vesanen M, Lewin S, Talal A, Racz P, Perelson AS, Korber BT, Markowitz M, Ho DD. (1999) Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med 340: 1605-13, 1999.
11. Larsson M, Jin X, Ramratnam B, Ogg GS, Engelmayer J, Demoitie MA, McMichael AJ, Cox WI, Steinman RM, Nixon D, Bhardwaj N. A recombinant vaccinia virus based ELISPOT assay detects high frequencies of pol-specific CD8+ cells in HIV-1 positive individuals. AIDS 13:767-7, 1999.
10. Ahmed A, Aggarwal M, Chiu R, Ramratnam B, Rinaldi M, Flanigan TP. A fatal case of Rhodotorula meningitis in AIDS. Med Health RI 81: 22-3, 1998.
8. Rich JD, Ramratnam B, Chiang B, Tashima K. (1997) Management of indinavir associated nephrolithiasis. J Urology 158: 2228, 1997.
7. Grube H, Ramratnam B, Flanigan TP. Resolution of AIDS associated cryptosporidiosis after treatment with indinavir. Amer J Gastroen 92:726, 1997.
6. Rich JD, Ramratnam B, Flanigan TP. Triple combination antiretroviral prophylaxis of needle stick exposure to HIV. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 18:161,1997.
5. Ramratnam B, Kelly G, Mega A, Schiffman FJ. (1997) Determinants of case selection at morning report. J Gen Intern Med 12: 263-6, 1996.
9. Ramratnam B, Tsoulfas G, Parikh A, Vigilante K, Flanigan TP. Former prisoners' views on mandatory HIV testing in prison. J Correctional Health Care 4:155-64, 1997.
4. Ramratnam B, Parameswaran J, Elliot B, Newstein M, Schiffman FJ, Rich JD, Flanigan TP. Short course dexamethasone for thrombocytopenia in AIDS. Amer J Med 100:117-8, 1996.
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| Year | Degree | Institution |
|---|---|---|
| 1993 | MD | Brown University |
| 1986 | AB | Brown University |
| Postdoctoral Fellow | The Rockefeller University, aids research | 1997-2001 | New York, NY |
| Fellow | The Rockefeller University | 1997-1999 | New York, NY |
| Chief Resident | The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University | 1996-1997 | Providence, RI |
| Intern; Resident | The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, internal medicine | 1993-1996 | Providence, RI |
| Certification | American Board of Internal Medicine, Internal medicine | 2001-2020 | #173404 |
| Medical License | Rhode Island | 2001-Present | #MD09094 |
| Director, Office of Research Integration, University Medicine Foundation and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University. 2015-Present |
| Director, Clinical Research Center, Lifespan Hospital System. 2015-Present |
| Vice Chair of Research, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University. 2015-Present |
| Director. Rhode Island Hospital, 2012- |
| Attending Physician. Rhode Island Hospital & The Miriam Hospital, 2001-Present |
| Associate Physician. The Rockefeller University Hospital, 1999-2001 |
