I was born and reared in Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania, located in the western middle field of the anthracite coal mining region of east central Pennsylvania. I attended Bucknell University receiving both a B.S. and an M.S. degree in 1972 with a concentration in chemistry. I completed a Ph.D. degree at Columbia University in 1976 with a dissertation entitled Investigation of a Novel Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reaction . After an NIH-funded, post-doctoral fellowship at M.I.T. in 1979, I began my independent career in the chemistry department at Brown University.
National Institute of Health Trainee, MIT, 1976-1978
NIH Postdoctoral Research Associate, MIT, 1978-1979, (with G. Büchi)
Assistant Professor, Brown University, 1979
Associate Professor, Brown University, 1986
Professor, Brown University, 1992
Chair, Dept. of Chemistry, Brown University, 1999-2005,2016-2019
Fellowships: Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, 2013
J William Fulbright Research Scholar - Rouen, France, 2016
| Yin Z, Pang H, Guo X, Lin H, Muzzio M, Shen M, Wei K, Yu C, Williard P, Sun S. "CuPd Nanoparticles as a Robust Catalyst for Electrochemical Allylic Alkylation." Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., vol. 59, no. 37, 2020, pp. 15933-15936. |
| Berton, Mateo, Nathan, Erica, Karani, Hamid, Girona, Társilo, Huber, Christian, Williard, Paul G., Head, James. "Experimental Investigations on the Effects of Dissolved Gases on the Freezing Dynamics of Ocean Worlds." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, vol. 125, no. 8, 2020. |
| Pang, Huan, Williard, Paul G. "Solid state aldol reactions of solvated and unsolvated lithium pinacolone enolate aggregates." Tetrahedron, vol. 76, no. 6, 2020, pp. 130913. |
| Seo, Junhyeok, Shearer, Jason, Williard, Paul G., Kim, Eunsuk. "Reactivity of a biomimetic W(iv) bis-dithiolene complex with CO2 leading to formate production and structural rearrangement." Dalton Transactions, vol. 48, no. 47, 2019, pp. 17441-17444. |
| Tai O, Hopson R, Williard PG. "Aggregation and Solvation of n-Butyllithium." Organic Letters, 2017. |
| Nayyab S, O'Connor M, Brewster J, Gravier J, Jamieson M, Magno E, Miller RD, Phelan D, Roohani K, Williard P, Basu A, Reid CW. "Diamide Inhibitors of the Bacillus subtilis N-Acetylglucosaminidase LytG That Exhibit Antibacterial Activity." ACS Infectious Diseases, vol. 3, no. 6, 2017, pp. 421-427. |
| Tai, Onkei, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Ligand Binding Constants to Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide Determined by Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy." The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol. 82, no. 12, 2017, pp. 6223-6231. |
| Berton, Mateo, Mello, Rossella, Williard, Paul G., González-Núñez, María Elena. "Reactivity of Lithium β-Ketocarboxylates: The Role of Lithium Salts." Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 139, no. 48, 2017, pp. 17414-17420. |
| Guang, Jie, Liu, Qiyong, Hopson, Russell, Kagan, Gerald, Li, Weibin, Monroe, Thomas B., Williard, Paul G. "Conformational Polymorphism of Lithium Pinacolone Enolate." Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 138, no. 46, 2016, pp. 15177-15188. |
| Bradley, Dave, Levin, Erica, Rodriguez, Christian, Williard, Paul G., Stanton, Anina, Socha, Aaron M. "Equilibrium studies of canola oil transesterification using a sodium glyceroxide catalyst prepared from a biodiesel waste stream." Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 146, 2016, pp. 70-75. |
| Guang, Jie, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G., Fujiu, Motohiro, Negishi, Kazuyuki, Mikami, Koichi. "Perfluoroalkyl Grignard Reagents: NMR Study of 1-Heptafluoropropylmagnesium Chloride in Solution." The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol. 81, no. 14, 2016, pp. 5922-5928. |
| Zhang, Qian-Fan, Williard, Paul G., Wang, Lai-Sheng. "Polymorphism of Phosphine-Protected Gold Nanoclusters: Synthesis and Characterization of a New 22-Gold-Atom Cluster." Small, vol. 12, no. 18, 2016, pp. 2518-2525. |
| Zhang, Yuanyuan, Williard, Paul G., Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Synthesis and Characterization of Pincer-Molybdenum Precatalysts for CO 2 Hydrogenation." Organometallics, vol. 35, no. 6, 2016, pp. 860-865. |
| Fujiu M, Negishi K, Guang J, Williard PG, Kuroki S, Mikami K. "Chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selective perfluoroalkylations by a Grignard complex with zirconocene." Dalton Trans., vol. 44, no. 45, 2015, pp. 19464-8. |
| Guang, Jie, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight (D-FW) Analysis of (2)H Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)." J. Org. Chem., vol. 80, no. 18, 2015, pp. 9102-7. |
| Kreye M, Freytag M, Jones PG, Williard PG, Bernskoetter WH, Walter MD. "Homolytic H 2 cleavage by a mercury-bridged Ni( i ) pincer complex [{(PNP)Ni} 2 {μ-Hg}]." Chem. Commun., vol. 51, no. 14, 2015, pp. 2946-2949. |
| Zhang, Yuanyuan, MacIntosh, Alex D., Wong, Janice L., Bielinski, Elizabeth A., Williard, Paul G., Mercado, Brandon Q., Hazari, Nilay, Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Iron catalyzed CO 2 hydrogenation to formate enhanced by Lewis acid co-catalysts." Chemical Science, vol. 6, no. 7, 2015, pp. 4291-4299. |
| Guang, Jie, Liu, Qiyong Peter, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Lithium Pinacolone Enolate Solvated by Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA)." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 137, no. 23, 2015, pp. 150501202035005. |
| Hanna, Brian S., MacIntosh, Alex D., Ahn, Steven, Tyler, Brian T., Palmore, G. Tayhas R., Williard, Paul G., Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Ancillary Ligand Effects on Carbon Dioxide-Ethylene Coupling at Zerovalent Molybdenum." Organometallics, 2014, pp. 140625141928007. |
| Xu H, Williard PG, Bernskoetter WH. "C-H bond activation and S-atom transfer from cobalt(III) thiolate and isothiocyanate complexes." Dalton Trans., vol. 43, no. 39, 2014, pp. 14696-700. |
| Su C, Guang J, Li W, Wu K, Hopson R, Williard PG. "Chiral lithium diamides derived from linked N-isopropyl valinol or alaninol." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 136, no. 33, 2014, pp. 11735-47. |
| Chen, Jing, Zhang, Qian-Fan, Bonaccorso, Timary A., Williard, Paul G., Wang, Lai-Sheng. "Controlling Gold Nanoclusters by Diphospine Ligands." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 136, no. 1, 2014, pp. 92-95. |
| Jin, Dong, Williard, Paul G., Hazari, Nilay, Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Effect of Sodium Cation on Metallacycle β-Hydride Elimination in CO 2 -Ethylene Coupling to Acrylates." Chemistry - A European Journal, vol. 20, no. 11, 2014, pp. 3205-3211. |
| Su, Chicheung, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Influence of Steric Factors on Chiral Lithium Amide Aggregates." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 136, no. 8, 2014, pp. 3246-3255. |
| Tran CT, Williard PG, Kim E. "Nitric oxide reactivity of [2Fe-2S] clusters leading to H2S generation." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 136, no. 34, 2014, pp. 11874-7. |
| Su, Chicheung, Guang, Jie, Williard, Paul G. "Structures of Lithium N -Monosubstituted Anilides: Trisolvated Monomer to Tetrasolvated Dimer." J. Org. Chem., vol. 79, no. 3, 2014, pp. 1032-1039. |
| Rasapalli, Sivappa, Jarugumilli, Gopalakrishna, Yarrapothu, Gangadhara Rao, Ijaz, Hamza, Golen, James A., Williard, Paul G. "Studies towards the total synthesis of hygrocins A and B." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 55, no. 4, 2014, pp. 821-825. |
| Chen, Jing, Zhang, Qian-Fan, Williard, Paul G., Wang, Lai-Sheng. "Synthesis and Structure Determination of a New Au 20 Nanocluster Protected by Tripodal Tetraphosphine Ligands." Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 53, no. 8, 2014, pp. 3932-3934. |
| Nelson CD, Carney DW, Derdowski A, Lipovsky A, Gee GV, O'Hara B, Williard P, DiMaio D, Sello JK, Atwood WJ. "A retrograde trafficking inhibitor of ricin and Shiga-like toxins inhibits infection of cells by human and monkey polyomaviruses." mBio, vol. 4, no. 6, 2013, pp. e00729-13. |
| Su, Chicheung, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Characterization of Cyclopentyllithium and Cyclopentyllithium Tetrahydrofuran Complex." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 135, no. 33, 2013, pp. 12400-12406. |
| Su, Chicheung, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Characterization of Hexameric and Octameric sec -Butyllithium/ sec -Butoxide Mixed Aggregates." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 2013, no. 24, 2013, pp. 4136-4141. |
| Su, Chicheung, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Crystal Structure and Solution State Characterization of Lithium ( S )-(1-(Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-3-methylbutan-2-yl)(methyl)amide." J. Org. Chem., vol. 78, no. 14, 2013, pp. 7288-7292. |
| Seo, Junhyeok, Williard, Paul G., Kim, Eunsuk. "Deoxygenation of Mono-oxo Bis(dithiolene) Mo and W Complexes by Protonation." Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 52, no. 15, 2013, pp. 8706-8712. |
| Zhang, Yuanyuan, Hanna, Brian S., Dineen, Andrew, Williard, Paul G., Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Functionalization of Carbon Dioxide with Ethylene at Molybdenum Hydride Complexes." Organometallics, vol. 32, no. 14, 2013, pp. 3969-3979. |
| Xu, Hongwei, Williard, Paul G., Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Intermolecular Methyl Group Exchange and Reversible P–Me Bond Cleavage at Cobalt(III) Dimethyl Halide Species." Organometallics, vol. 32, no. 3, 2013, pp. 798-806. |
| Su, Chicheung, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Isotopically Enriched 13 C Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy: Analysis of Methyllithium." J. Org. Chem., vol. 78, no. 23, 2013, pp. 11733-11746. |
| Jin, Dong, Schmeier, Timothy J., Williard, Paul G., Hazari, Nilay, Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Lewis Acid Induced β-Elimination from a Nickelalactone: Efforts toward Acrylate Production from CO 2 and Ethylene." Organometallics, vol. 32, no. 7, 2013, pp. 2152-2159. |
| Su, Chicheung, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Mixed Aggregates of an Alkyl Lithium Reagent and a Chiral Lithium Amide Derived from N -Ethyl- O -triisopropylsilyl Valinol." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 135, no. 38, 2013, pp. 14367-14379. |
| Skodje, Kelsey M., Williard, Paul G., Kim, Eunsuk. "Conversion of {Fe(NO)2}10 dinitrosyl iron to nitrato iron(iii) species by molecular oxygen." Dalton Trans., vol. 41, no. 26, 2012, pp. 7849. |
| Xu, Hongwei, Williard, Paul G., Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "C–CN Bond Activation of Acetonitrile using Cobalt(I)." Organometallics, vol. 31, no. 5, 2012, pp. 1588-1590. |
| Beng, Timothy K., Tyree, William S., Parker, Trent, Su, Chicheung, Williard, Paul G., Gawley, Robert E. "Dynamics of Catalytic Resolution of 2-Lithio- N -Boc-piperidine by Ligand Exchange." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 134, no. 40, 2012, pp. 16845-16855. |
| Kagan, Gerald, Li, Weibin, Li, Deyu, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Characterization of Dimeric Chiral Lithium Amide Structures Derived from N -isopropyl- O - triisopropylsilyl Valinol." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 133, no. 17, 2011, pp. 6596-6602. |
| Li, Weibin, Kagan, Gerald, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Measurement of Solution Viscosity via Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)." J. Chem. Educ., vol. 88, no. 9, 2011, pp. 1331-1335. |
| Annese, Cosimo, Fanizza, Immacolata, Calvano, Cosima D., D’Accolti, Lucia, Fusco, Caterina, Curci, Ruggero, Williard, Paul G. "Selective Synthesis of Hydroxy Analogues of Valinomycin using Dioxiranes." Organic Letters, vol. 13, no. 19, 2011, pp. 5096-5099. |
| Henderson, Kenneth W., Dorigo, Andrea E., MacEwan, Gloria J., Williard, Paul G. "Structure of an unsymmetrical heptalithium cage complex containing aldolate and enolized aldolate dianion." Tetrahedron, vol. 67, no. 52, 2011, pp. 10291-10295. |
| Leonard, Nadia G., Williard, Paul G., Bernskoetter, Wesley H. "Synthesis and coordination chemistry of organoiridium complexes supported by an anionic tridentate ligand." Dalton Trans., vol. 40, no. 16, 2011, pp. 4300. |
| Kagan, Gerald, Li, Weibin, Sun, Chengzao, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Reaction of a Ketone-Derived 1,4-Dienolate Compound." J. Org. Chem., vol. 76, no. 1, 2011, pp. 65-70. |
| Kagan, Gerald, Li, Weibin, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "6 Li Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY) and Applications to Organometallic Complexes." Organic Letters, vol. 12, no. 3, 2010, pp. 520-523. |
| Li, Weibin, Kagan, Gerald, Yang, Huan, Cai, Chen, Hopson, Russell, Dai, Wei, Sweigart, Dwight A., Williard, Paul G. "Accurate Formula Weight Determination in Physically Separated Systems by Diffusion Coefficient−Formula Weight Correlation." Organometallics, vol. 29, no. 6, 2010, pp. 1309-1311. |
| "Application of 6Li diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) to confirming the solution structure of n-butyllithium." Arkivoc, vol. 2011, no. 5, 2010, pp. 180. |
| Annese, Cosimo, D’Accolti, Lucia, De Zotti, Marta, Fusco, Caterina, Toniolo, Claudio, Williard, Paul G., Curci, Ruggero. "Concerning Selectivity in the Oxidation of Peptides by Dioxiranes. Further Insight into the Effect of Carbamate Protecting Groups." J. Org. Chem., vol. 75, no. 14, 2010, pp. 4812-4816. |
| Socha, Aaron M., Kagan, Gerald, Li, Weibin, Hopson, Russell, Sello, Jason K., Williard, Paul G. "Diffusion Coefficient−Formula Weight Correlation Analysis via Diffusion-Ordered Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (DOSY NMR) To Examine Acylglycerol Mixtures and Biodiesel Production." Energy & Fuels, vol. 24, no. 8, 2010, pp. 4518-4521. |
| Su, Chicheung, Williard, Paul G. "Isomerization of Allyl Ethers Initiated by Lithium Diisopropylamide." Organic Letters, vol. 12, no. 23, 2010, pp. 5378-5381. |
| Li, Weibin, Kagan, Gerald, Yang, Huan, Cai, Chen, Hopson, Russell, Sweigart, Dwight A., Williard, Paul G. "Physically Separated References for Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight (D-FW) Analysis of Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY) in Water." Organic Letters, vol. 12, no. 12, 2010, pp. 2698-2701. |
| Li, Deyu, Keresztes, Ivan, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Characterization of Reactive Intermediates by Multinuclear Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)." Accounts of Chemical Research, vol. 42, no. 2, 2009, pp. 270-280. |
| Li, Deyu, Kagan, Gerald, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Formula Weight Prediction by Internal Reference Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 131, no. 15, 2009, pp. 5627-5634. |
| Kagan, Gerald, Li, Weibin, Hopson, Russell, Williard, Paul G. "Internally Referenced Diffusion Coefficient−Formula Weight (D-FW) Analysis of 31 P Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)." Organic Letters, vol. 11, no. 21, 2009, pp. 4818-4821. |
| Li D, Hopson R, Li W, Liu J, Williard PG. "13C INEPT diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) with internal references." Organic Letters, vol. 10, no. 5, 2008, pp. 909-11. |
| Li D, Sun C, Liu J, Hopson R, Li W, Williard PG. "Aggregation studies of complexes containing a chiral lithium amide and n-Butyllithium." J. Org. Chem., vol. 73, no. 6, 2008, pp. 2373-81. |
| Liu J, Li D, Sun C, Williard PG. "Analysis of an asymmetric addition with a 2:1 mixed lithium amide/n-butyllithium aggregate." J. Org. Chem., vol. 73, no. 11, 2008, pp. 4045-52. |
| Li D, Sun C, Williard PG. "Characterization of a chiral enolate aggregate and observation of 6Li-1H scalar coupling." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 130, no. 35, 2008, pp. 11726-36. |
| Rella MR, Williard PG. "Oxidation of peptides by methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane: the protecting group matters." J. Org. Chem., vol. 72, no. 2, 2007, pp. 525-31. |
| Ma, Lili, Hopson, Russell, Li, Deyu, Zhang, Yong, Williard, Paul G. "Synthesis and Structural Characterization of the Bis(diisopropylamino)boron Enolate of tert -Butyl Methyl Ketone." Organometallics, vol. 26, no. 24, 2007, pp. 5834-5839. |
| Ma, Lili, Williard, Paul G. "Synthesis of polymer-supported chiral lithium amide bases and application in asymmetric deprotonation of prochiral cyclic ketones." Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, vol. 17, no. 21, 2006, pp. 3021-3029. |
| Jacobson MA, Keresztes I, Williard PG. "On the mechanism of THF catalyzed vinylic lithiation of allylamine derivatives: structural studies using 2-D and diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 127, no. 13, 2005, pp. 4965-75. |
| D'Accolti L, Fusco C, Annese C, Rella MR, Turteltaub JS, Williard PG, Curci R. "Concerning the efficient conversion of epoxy alcohols into epoxy ketones using dioxiranes." J. Org. Chem., vol. 69, no. 24, 2004, pp. 8510-3. |
| Golen, J. A., Williard, P. G., Ram, S., Sachdeva, Y. P., Wilson, D. K., Zhar, S., Verma, R. K. "Crystal structure of 5-hydroxy-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-b: 5,4-b']dipyran-4-one, C16H16O4." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures, vol. 219, no. 1-4, 2004. |
| Haeffner F, Jacobson MA, Keresztes I, Williard PG. "Density functional theory studies on the mechanisms of regioselective allylic and cis-vinylic deprotonation of allyl amides and allylamines." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 126, no. 51, 2004, pp. 17032-9. |
| Jacobson MA, Williard PG. "Generation of 1-azapentadienyl anion from N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3-buten-1-amine." J. Org. Chem., vol. 67, no. 11, 2002, pp. 3915-8. |
| Jacobson MA, Williard PG. "Synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted pyrroles from 3,N-dilithio-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-2-buten-1-amine." J. Org. Chem., vol. 67, no. 1, 2002, pp. 32-7. |
| Kinoshita K, Williard PG, Khosla C, Cane DE. "Precursor-directed biosynthesis of 16-membered macrolides by the erythromycin polyketide synthase." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 123, no. 11, 2001, pp. 2495-502. |
| Williard PG, Jacobson MA. "Dianion aggregates derived from lithiation of N-silyl allylamine." Organic Letters, vol. 2, no. 18, 2000, pp. 2753-5. |
| Keresztes, Ivan, Williard, Paul G. "Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY) of THF Solvated n -Butyllithium Aggregates." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 122, no. 41, 2000, pp. 10228-10229. |
| Sun, Chengzao, Williard, Paul G. "Mechanistic Variations Due to the Solvation State in the Reaction of MeLi in Dimer and Trimer Aggregates with Formaldehyde." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 122, no. 50, 2000, pp. 12542-12546. |
| Lee NE, Williard PG, Brown AJ, Campbell MJ, Koeffler HP, Peleg S, Rao DS, Reddy GS. "Synthesis and biological activities of the two C(23) epimers of 1alpha,23,25-trihydroxy-24-oxo-19-nor-vitamin D(3): novel analogs of 1alpha,23(S),25-trihydroxy-24-oxo-vitamin D(3), a natural metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)." Steroids, vol. 65, no. 5, 2000, pp. 252-65. |
| Isaka, Masahiko, Williard, Paul G., Nakamura, Eiichi. "(3+2) Cycloaddition of Allylic Silane with N-Chlorosulfonyl Isocyanate." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, vol. 72, no. 9, 1999, pp. 2115-2116. |
| Henderson, Kenneth W., Williard, Paul G. "Mono- and Dilithiation of Primary Amine/Secondary Amine Mixtures: Transamination, Solvation, and Cocomplexation." Organometallics, vol. 18, no. 26, 1999, pp. 5620-5626. |
| Nair, Vijay, Somarajan Nair, J., Kumar, Sasi, Rath, Nigam P., Williard, Paul G., Eigendorf, Guenter K. "A novel isomerization of 6,6-tetramethylenefulvene to cyclopent-1-enyl cyclopentadiene and its cycloaddition reactions: Synthesis of polycyclic molecular frameworks." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 39, no. 26, 1998, pp. 4603-4606. |
| Meyers, A. I., Seefeld, Mark A., Lefker, Bruce A., Blake, James F., Williard, Paul G. "Stereoselective Alkylations in Rigid Systems. Effect of Remote Substituents on π-Facial Additions to Lactam Enolates. Stereoelectronic and Steric Effects." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 120, no. 30, 1998, pp. 7429-7438. |
| Henderson, Kenneth W., Dorigo, Andrea E., Liu, Qi-Yong, Williard, Paul G. "Effect of Polydentate Donor Molecules on Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide Aggregation: An X-ray Crystallographic and a Combination Semiempirical PM3/Single Point ab Initio Theoretical Study." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 119, no. 49, 1997, pp. 11855-11863. |
| Williard, Paul G., Sun, Chengzao. "Mixed Aggregates Containing n -Butyl-, sec -Butyl-, or tert -Butyllithium and a Chiral Lithium Amide Derived from N -Isopropyl- O -methyl Valinol." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 119, no. 48, 1997, pp. 11693-11694. |
| Nair, Vijay, Anilkumar, Gopinathan, Prabhakaran, Jaya, Maliakal, Davis, Eigendorf, Guenter K., Williard, Paul G. "Photochemical di-π-methane rearrangement of quinoxalinobarrelenes." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, vol. 111, no. 1-3, 1997, pp. 57-59. |
| Waldmüller, Delia, Kotsatos, Barbara J., Nichols, Michael A., Williard, Paul G. "Synthesis of [ 15 N, 15 N‘]- N , N , N‘ , N‘ -Tetramethyl- ethylenediamine and Its Use in Solvation Studies of [ 6 Li]- n -Butyllithium." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 119, no. 23, 1997, pp. 5479-5480. |
| Lee NE, Reddy GS, Brown AJ, Williard PG. "Synthesis, stereochemistry, and biological activity of 1alpha,23,25-trihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3, a major natural metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3." Biochemistry, vol. 36, no. 31, 1997, pp. 9429-37. |
| Sanders, Tanya C., Golen, James A., Williard, Paul G., Hammond, Gerald B. "The crystal structure of 2-fluoro-1-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-yne, a fluorinated vinylacetylene prepared via Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons condensation." Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, vol. 85, no. 2, 1997, pp. 173-175. |
| Prayzner, P., Ojadi, E. C. A., Golen, J. A., Williard, P. G. "3,4-Diphenylpyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid Acetic Acid Disolvate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, vol. 52, no. 3, 1996, pp. 665-667. |
| Henderson, Kenneth W., Dorigo, Andrea E., Williard, Paul G., Bernstein, Peter R. "A Triple Anion Complex Containing Enolate, Amide, and Halide—A New Structural Type in Lithium Chemistry." Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., vol. 35, no. 12, 1996, pp. 1322-1324. |
| Nair, Vijay, Anilkumar, Gopinathan, Eigendorf, Guenter K., Williard, Paul G. "Borontrifluoride-etherate induced rearrangement of bicyclo[2.2.2]octene-7,8-diones: An efficient synthesis of bicyclo[3.2.1]octene-2,8-diones." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 37, no. 46, 1996, pp. 8271-8272. |
| deMendonca, D. J., Hammond, G. B., Golen, J. A., Williard, P. G. "Crystal structure of diethyl (1-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-phenyl-2-propynyl)phosphonate, (C 6 H 5 )CC-C(OH)(CH 3 )-P(O)(OC 2 H 5 ) 2." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, vol. 211, no. 11, 1996, pp. 833-834. |
| Sanders, T. C., Hammond, G. B., Golen, J. A., Williard, P. G. "Diethyl (1-Hydroxy-2-butynyl)phosphonate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, vol. 52, no. 3, 1996, pp. 667-669. |
| Prayzner, P., Ojadi, E. C. A., Golen, J. A., Williard, P. G. "N-Acetyliminodiacetate Dimethyl Ester." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, vol. 52, no. 1, 1996, pp. 112-113. |
| Barnett, Nicholas D. R., Clegg, William, Horsburgh, Lynne, Lindsay, David M., Liu, Qi-Yong, Mackenzie, Fiona M., Mulvey, Robert E., Williard, Paul G. "Novel octameric structure of the lithium primary amide [{ButN(H)Li}8] and its implication for the directed synthesis of heterometallic imide cages." Chem. Commun., no. 20, 1996, pp. 2321. |
| Henderson, Kenneth W., Dorigo, Andrea E., Liu, Qi-Yong, Williard, Paul G., Schleyer, Paul von Ragué, Bernstein, Peter R. "Structural Consequences of the Addition of Lithium Halides in Enolization and Aldol Reactions." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 118, no. 6, 1996, pp. 1339-1347. |
| Nair, Vijay, Kumar, Sasi, Williard, Paul G. "[4π+2π]Cycloadditions of o-quinones to fulvenes: A facile synthesis of bicyclo[2.2.2]octen-7,8-diones." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 36, no. 10, 1995, pp. 1605-1608. |
| Henderson, Kenneth W., Walther, Dane S., Williard, Paul G. "Identification of a Unimetal Complex of Bases by 6Li NMR Spectroscopy and Single-Crystal Analysis." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 117, no. 33, 1995, pp. 8680-8681. |
| Henderson, Kenneth W., Williard, Paul G., Bernstein, Peter R. "Synthesis and Characterization of the First Mixed Alkali Metal Enolate Containing Amine Ligands: A Novel“Open-Stack” Structure and Its Implications for Aldol Addition." Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., vol. 34, no. 10, 1995, pp. 1117-1119. |
| Woo, Kyoungja, Williard, P.G., Sweigart, D.A., Duffy, N.W., Robinson, B.H., Simpson, J. "The synthesis and electrophilic reactivity of manganese tricarbonyl complexes of the C-ring aromatic diterpenoid methyl O-methylpodocarpate." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, vol. 487, no. 1-2, 1995, pp. 111-118. |
| Nichols, Michael A., Waldmueller, Delia, Williard, Paul G. "6Li and 15N Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Mixed Alkali Metal Cation Hexamethyldisilazide Bases." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 116, no. 3, 1994, pp. 1153-1154. |
| Williard, Paul G., Liu, Qi-Yong. "Complexes between Fluorobenzenes and Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide Dimer." J. Org. Chem., vol. 59, no. 7, 1994, pp. 1596-1597. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Henegar, Kevin E., Hong, Bor-Cherng, Williard, Paul G. "Inside-Outside Stereoisomerism. 6.+ Synthesis of trans-Bicyclo[4.4.1]undecan-11-one and the First Stereoselective Construction of the Tricyclic Nucleus of the Ring System of the Ingenane Diterpenes." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 116, no. 10, 1994, pp. 4183-4188. |
| Nakamura, Eiichi, Tanaka, Koichi, Fujimura, Tsutomu, Aoki, Satoshi, Williard, Paul G. "Acyclic stereocontrol in Fischer carbene chemistry by syn-selective Michael addition/trapping sequence." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 115, no. 20, 1993, pp. 9015-9020. |
| Williard, Paul G., Liu, Qi Yong. "Aggregated intermediates in the aldol reaction sequence. Crystal structure of the open dimer of LiTMP.cntdot.TMEDA." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 115, no. 8, 1993, pp. 3380-3381. |
| Jackman, Lloyd M., Cizmeciyan, Deniz, Williard, Paul G., Nichols, Michael A. "Hexameric lithium phenolate: crystal structures and lithium-7 quadrupole coupling in solid and solution phases." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 115, no. 14, 1993, pp. 6262-6267. |
| Nichols, Michael A., Williard, Paul G. "Solid-state structures of n-butyllithium-TMEDA, -THF, and -DME complexes." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 115, no. 4, 1993, pp. 1568-1572. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Gretler, Elizabeth A., Williard, Paul G. "Studies directed toward the synthesis of the ingenane diterpenes. An unexpected synthesis of trans-bicyclo[5.3.0]decanes." J. Org. Chem., vol. 58, no. 7, 1993, pp. 1973-1975. |
| Ryan, W.J., Peterson, P.E., Cao, Y., Williard, P.G., Sweigart, D.A., Baer, C.D., Thompson, C.F., Chung, Y.K., Chung, T.-M. "Synthesis and reactivity of (indole)Mn(CO)3+ complexes. Electrophilic activation of the indole 4 and 7 positions." Inorganica Chimica Acta, vol. 211, no. 1, 1993, pp. 1-3. |
| Williard, Paul G., Salvino, Joseph M. "Synthesis, isolation, and structure of an LDA-THF complex." J. Org. Chem., vol. 58, no. 1, 1993, pp. 1-3. |
| Williard, Paul G., Liu, Qi Yong, Lochmann, Lubomir. "Characterization of complexes between esters and lithium hexamethyldisilazide." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 114, no. 1, 1992, pp. 348-350. |
| Cane, David E., Sohng, Jae Kyung, Williard, Paul G. "Isolation and structure determination of pentalenolactones A, B, D, and F." J. Org. Chem., vol. 57, no. 3, 1992, pp. 844-851. |
| Otočan, Klaudio, Mintas, Mladen, Kastner, Fritz, Mannschreck, Albrecht, Golen, James A., Williard, Paul G. "Regiospecific synthesis and structural study of some trifluoromethyl substituted dibenzosemibullvalenes." Monatshefte für Chemie Chemical Monthly, vol. 123, no. 12, 1992, pp. 1193-1205. |
| Bernstein, Max P., Romesberg, Floyd E., Fuller, David J., Harrison, Aidan T., Collum, David B., Liu, Qi Yong, Williard, Paul G. "Structure and reactivity of lithium diisopropylamide in the presence of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 114, no. 13, 1992, pp. 5100-5110. |
| Fryhle, Craig B., Williard, Paul G., Carol M., Rybak. "Synthesis of (4E)-7-methoxytetradec-4-enoic acid: a novel fatty acid from lyngbya majuscula." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 33, no. 17, 1992, pp. 2327-2330. |
| Dittami, James P., Nie, Xiao Yi, Nie, Hong, Ramanathan, H., Buntel, C., Rigatti, S., Bordner, Jon, Decosta, Debra L., Williard, Paul. "Tandem photocyclization-intramolecular addition reactions of aryl vinyl sulfides. Observation of a novel [2 + 2] cycloaddition-allylic sulfide rearrangement." J. Org. Chem., vol. 57, no. 4, 1992, pp. 1151-1158. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Hong, Bor Cherng, Hey, John P., Williard, Paul G. "Inside-outside stereoisomerism. 5. Synthesis and reactivity of trans-bicyclo[n.3.1] alkanones prepared via the intramolecular photocycloaddition of dioxenones." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 113, no. 23, 1991, pp. 8839-8846. |
| Wilen, Samuel H., Qi, Jian Zhong, Williard, Paul G. "Resolution, asymmetric transformation, and configuration of Troeger's base. Application of Troeger's base as a chiral solvating agent." J. Org. Chem., vol. 56, no. 2, 1991, pp. 485-487. |
| Park, Kyong Pae, Ha, Hyun Joon, Williard, Paul G. "Stereochemistry in nucleophilic vinylic substitution of activated nitro olefins. 2." J. Org. Chem., vol. 56, no. 23, 1991, pp. 6725-6727. |
| Williard, Paul G., Nichols, Michael A. "Structural characterization of mixed alkali metal bis(trimethylsilyl)amide bases." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 113, no. 25, 1991, pp. 9671-9673. |
| Kim, Yong Joo, Bernstein, Max P., Roth, Angela S. Galiano, Romesberg, Floyd E., Williard, Paul G., Fuller, David J., Harrison, Aidan T., Collum, David B. "Structure and reactivity of lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) in hydrocarbon solutions. Formation of unsolvated ketone, ester, and carboxamide enolates." J. Org. Chem., vol. 56, no. 14, 1991, pp. 4435-4439. |
| Nakamura E, Kuwajima I, Williard PG. "Structure of (+/-)-(2S,1'S)-2-[hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]-2-methylcyclohexanone, C14H1802." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, vol. 47 ( Pt 5), 1991, pp. 984-5. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Scott, Robert D., Williard, Paul G. "Asymmetric induction in the vinylogous amide photocycloaddition reaction. A formal synthesis of vindorosine." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 112, no. 24, 1990, pp. 8971-8975. |
| Williard, Paul G., Hintze, Mark J. "Mixed aggregates: crystal structures of a lithium ketone enolate/lithium amide and of a sodium ester enolate/sodium amide." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 112, no. 23, 1990, pp. 8602-8604. |
| Wrensford, Granville, Grab, Lawrence A., Salvino, Joseph M., Williard, Paul G. "Synthesis of 3-bromo-6-ethenyltetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl-2h-pyran." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 31, no. 30, 1990, pp. 4257-4260. |
| Williard, Paul G., MacEwan, Gloria J. "Crystal structure of a unique aggregate containing lithium and potassium cations, ketone enolate, and tert-butoxide." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 111, no. 19, 1989, pp. 7671-7672. |
| Fraenkel, Gideon., Winchester, William R., Williard, P. G. "Lithio(diphenylphosphino)methane-tetramethylethylenediamine: crystal structure and NMR studies of a coordinatively unsaturated, monomeric organolithium." Organometallics, vol. 8, no. 10, 1989, pp. 2308-2311. |
| O'Connor, Stephen J., Williard, Paul G. "Strategy for the synthesis of the C10C19 portion of amphidinoide-A." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 30, no. 35, 1989, pp. 4637-4640. |
| Mintas, Mladen, Güsten, Hans, Williard, Paul G. "Synthesis and [4 + 4] photodimerization of 9-trifluoromethylanthracene." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, vol. 48, no. 2-3, 1989, pp. 341-344. |
| Williard, Paul G., Wrensford, Granville. "Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structure of 3,5-Dibromo-6-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-heptanone." Synthetic Communications, vol. 19, no. 13-14, 1989, pp. 2501-2504. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Muller, Cheryl L., Hey, John P., Ogilvie, Ronald J., Haddad, Nizar, Squattrito, Philip J., Williard, Paul G. "The effect of chromophore transposition on the stereochemical outcome of the intramolecular dioxenone photocycloaddition reaction." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 30, no. 39, 1989, pp. 5211-5214. |
| Xu, Yao Chang, Challener, Cynthia A., Dragisich, Vera, Brandvold, Timothy A., Peterson, Glen A., Wulff, William D., Williard, Paul G. "The generation of 2-vinylcyclopentene-1,3-diones via a five-component coupling in the coordination sphere of chromium." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 111, no. 18, 1989, pp. 7269-7271. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Hey, John P., Williard, Paul G. "Inside-outside stereoisomerism III: The synthesis of trans-bicyclo[4.3.1]decan-10-one+." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 29, no. 37, 1988, pp. 4691-4694. |
| Williard, Paul G., Tata, James R., Schlessinger, Richard H., Adams, Alan D., Iwanowicz, Edwin J. "Remarkably similar solution and solid-state structures for two divergently reactive lithium enolates derived from vinylogous urethanes." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 110, no. 23, 1988, pp. 7901-7903. |
| Mintas, Mladen., Schuster, David I., Williard, Paul G. "Stereochemistry and mechanism of [4 + 2] photocycloaddition of Pummerer's ketone to furan." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 110, no. 7, 1988, pp. 2305-2306. |
| Mintas, Miaden, Schuster, David I., Williard, Paul G. "Stereochemistry and mechanism of the [2 + 2] and [4 + 2] photocycloaddition of alkenes and dienes to pummerer's ketone." Tetrahedron, vol. 44, no. 19, 1988, pp. 6001-6012. |
| Williard, P. G. "Structure of potassium hexamethyldisilazide toluene solvate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, vol. 44, no. 2, 1988, pp. 270-272. |
| Jackman LM, Scarmoutzos LM, Smith BD, Williard PG. "Structures of lithium salts of 2,3,3-trimethylindolenine and its 5-methoxy derivative in solution and the solid state." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 110, no. 18, 1988, pp. 6058-63. |
| Williard PG, Sohng JK, Cane DE. "The X-ray crystal structure of pentalenolactone F methyl ester (epi-pentalenolactone F)." J Antibiot, vol. 41, no. 1, 1988, pp. 130-3. |
| Ittel, Steven D., Whitney, John F., Chung, Y. K., Williard, P. G., Sweigart, D. A. "X-ray structural studies of tricarbonyl(cyclohexadienyl)manganese, dicarbonylnitrosyl(cyclohexadienyl)manganese, and dicarbonylnitrosyl(cyclohexadiene)manganese complexes." Organometallics, vol. 7, no. 6, 1988, pp. 1323-1328. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Henegar, Kevin E., Williard, Paul G. "Inside-outside stereoisomerism. II. Synthesis of the carbocyclic ring system of the ingenane diterpenes via the intramolecular dioxolenone photocycloaddition." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 109, no. 9, 1987, pp. 2850-2851. |
| Williard, Paul G., Hintze, Mark J. "The first structural characterization of a dimeric lithium ketone enolate-LDA complex." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 109, no. 18, 1987, pp. 5539-5541. |
| Winkler, Jeffrey D., Hey, John P., Williard, Paul G. "Inside-outside stereoisomerism: the synthesis of trans-bicyclo[5.3.1]undecane-11-one." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 108, no. 20, 1986, pp. 6425-6427. |
| Suggs, J.William, Wovkulich, Michael J., Williard, Paul G., Lee, Ken S. "Reactivity patterns in the reactions of [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 with chelating ketones." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, vol. 307, no. 1, 1986, pp. 71-82. |
| Lee, Ken S., Williard, Paul G., Suggs, J.William. "Structure of the simple lithium chelate (LiCH2CH2CH2NMe2)4." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, vol. 299, no. 3, 1986, pp. 311-317. |
| Stevens, Robert V., Beaulieu, Normand., Chan, Wing Hong., Daniewski, Andrej R., Takeda, Takeshi., Waldner, Adrian., Williard, Paul G., Zutter, Ulrich. "Studies on the synthesis of vitamin B12. 4." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 108, no. 5, 1986, pp. 1039-1049. |
| Williard, Paul G., Salvino, Joseph M. "X-Ray crystal structure determination of a bromomagnesium ketone enolate." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, no. 2, 1986, pp. 153. |
| Williard PG, Carpenter GB. "X-ray crystal structures of lithium, sodium, and potassium enolates of pinacolone." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 108, no. 3, 1986, pp. 462-8. |
| Williard, P. G., de Laszlo, S. E., Carpenter, G. B., Demoulini, S. E. "±-E-6,6,6-Trichloro-3-methoxy-5-methyl-2-hexenoic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, vol. 42, no. 5, 1986, pp. 589-591. |
| Honig, Ephraim D., Meng, Qing Jin., Robinson, Ward T., Williard, Paul G., Sweigart, Dwight A. "Nucleophilic addition to coordinated cycloheptatriene: a mechanistic and structural study." Organometallics, vol. 4, no. 5, 1985, pp. 871-877. |
| Tanis, Steven P., Abdallah, Yousef M., Williard, Paul G. "Selective rearrangements of 4a,5-epoxides of 4,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,6,8a-hexahydronaphthalenes." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 26, no. 31, 1985, pp. 3651-3654. |
| Koh, Jae J., Lee, Wook-Hwan, Williard, Paul G., Risen, William M. "The PtP(C6H11)3(C2H4)2 mediated activation of aldehyde CH bonds via chelate-assisted oxidative addition reactions." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, vol. 284, no. 3, 1985, pp. 409-419. |
| De Laszlo, Stephen E., Williard, Paul G. "Total synthesis of (+)-demethyldysidenin and (-)-demethylisodysidenin, hexachlorinated amino acids from the marine sponge Dysidea herbacea. Assignment of absolute stereochemistry." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 107, no. 1, 1985, pp. 199-203. |
| Williard, Paul G., De Laszlo, Stephen E. "Total synthesis of halogenated monoterpene marine natural products via the Diels-Alder reaction." J. Org. Chem., vol. 50, no. 20, 1985, pp. 3738-3749. |
| Williard, Paul G., Salvino, Joseph M. "X-ray crystal structure of a lithium aldolate - a tetrameric aggregate." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 26, no. 33, 1985, pp. 3931-3934. |
| Williard, Paul G., Carpenter, Gene B. "X-ray crystal structure of an unsolvated lithium enolate anion." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 107, no. 11, 1985, pp. 3345-3346. |
| Jong, Ting Ting, Willard, Paul G., Porwoll, Joseph P. "Total synthesis and x-ray structure determination of cyanobacterin." J. Org. Chem., vol. 49, no. 4, 1984, pp. 735-736. |
| Williard, Paul G., De Laszlo, Stephen E. "Total synthesis of (.+-.)-dysidin, a marine metabolite containing an N-acyl-O-methyltetramic acid." J. Org. Chem., vol. 49, no. 19, 1984, pp. 3489-3493. |
| Williard, Paul G., Grab, Lawrence A. "Total synthesis of costatone: a monoterpene from the red seaweed: plocarnium costatum." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 25, no. 44, 1984, pp. 5009-5012. |
| Polt, Robin L., Stork, Gilbert, Carpenter, Gene B., Williard, Paul G. "X-ray crystal structure of N-(2-lithiocyclohexenyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,3-propanediamine: a pentavalent lithium?." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 106, no. 15, 1984, pp. 4276-4277. |
| Williard, Paul G., Grab, Lawrence A., De Laszlo, Stephen E. "Synthesis of costatolide, a halogenated monoterpenoid from the red alga Plocamium costatum." J. Org. Chem., vol. 48, no. 7, 1983, pp. 1123-1125. |
| Chung, Young Keun, Williard, Paul G., Sweigart, Dwight A. "Addition of Grignard reagents and ketone enolates to the arene in (arene)manganese tricarbonyl cations." Organometallics, vol. 1, no. 8, 1982, pp. 1053-1056. |
| Williard, Paul G., Grab, Lawrence A., Springer, James P. "N-aryl sulfonyl hydrazimidates - hydrazones of esters." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 22, no. 29, 1981, pp. 2731-2734. |
| Williard, Paul G., Fryhle, Craig B. "Boron trihalide-methyl sulfide complexes as convenient reagents for dealkylation of aryl ethers." Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 21, no. 39, 1980, pp. 3731-3734. |
| Büchi, George, G. Williard, Paul. "The Total Synthesis of Mollicellin A." HETEROCYCLES, vol. 11, no. 1, 1978, pp. 437. |
| Stork, Gilbert, Williard, Paul G. "Five- and six-membered-ring formation from olefinic .alpha.,.beta.-epoxy ketones and hydrazine." J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 99, no. 21, 1977, pp. 7067-7068. |
| Heine, Harold W., Hoye, Thomas R., Williard, Paul G., Hoye, Rebecca Cowan. "Diaziridines. II. Addition of diaziridines to electrophilic acetylenes." J. Org. Chem., vol. 38, no. 17, 1973, pp. 2984-2988. |
| Heine, Harold W., Williard, Paul G., Hoye, Thomas R. "Synthesis and reactions of some 1-(nitroaryl)diaziridines." J. Org. Chem., vol. 37, no. 19, 1972, pp. 2980-2983. |
Pang, H.; Williard, P. G. "Solid state aldol reactions of solvated and unsolvated lithium pinacolone enolate aggregates". Tetrahedron 2020, 76, (6), 130913. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2019.130913)
Seo, J.; Shearer, J.; Williard, P. G.; Kim, E. "Reactivity of a biomimetic W(IV) bis-dithiolene complex with CO2 leading to formate production and structural rearrangement". Dalton Trans. 2019, 48, (47), 17441-17444. (10.1039/c9dt03906f)
Tai, O.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Aggregation and Solvation of n-Butyllithium". Org. Lett. 2017, 19, (15), 3966-3969.
Tai, O.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Ligand Binding Constants to Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide Determined by Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy". J. Org. Chem. 2017, 82, (12), 6223-6231.
Nayyab, S.; O'Connor, M.; Brewster, J.; Gravier, J.; Jamieson, M.; Magno, E.; Miller, R. D.; Phelan, D.; Roohani, K.; Williard, P.; Basu, A.; Reid, C. W. "Diamide Inhibitors of the Bacillus subtilisN-Acetylglucosaminidase LytG That Exhibit Antibacterial Activity". ACS Infect. Dis. 2017, 3, (6), 421-427.
Berton, M.; Mello, R.; Williard, P. G.; Gonzalez-Nunez, M. E. "Reactivity of Lithium β-Ketocarboxylates: The Role of Lithium Salts". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, (48), 17414-17420.
Zhang, Y.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Synthesis and characterization of pincer-molybdenum precatalysts for CO2 hydrogenation". Organometallics 2016, 35, (6), 860-865.
Zhang, Q.-F.; Williard, P. G.; Wang, L.-S. "Polymorphism of Phosphine-Protected Gold Nanoclusters: Synthesis and Characterization of a New 22-Gold-Atom Cluster". Small 2016, 12, (18), 2518-2525.
Guang, J.; Liu, Q.; Hopson, R.; Kagan, G.; Li, W.; Monroe, T. B.; Williard, P. G. "Conformational Polymorphism of Lithium Pinacolone Enolate". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, (46), 15177-15188.
Guang, J.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G.; Fujiu, M.; Negishi, K.; Mikami, K. "Perfluoroalkyl Grignard Reagents: NMR Study of 1-Heptafluoropropylmagnesium Chloride in Solution". J. Org. Chem. 2016, 81, (14), 5922-5928.
Bradley, D.; Levin, E.; Rodriguez, C.; Williard, P. G.; Stanton, A.; Socha, A. M. "Equilibrium studies of canola oil transesterification using a sodium glyceroxide catalyst prepared from a biodiesel waste stream". Fuel Process. Technol. 2016, 146, 70-75.
Zhang, Y.; MacIntosh, A. D.; Wong, J. L.; Bielinski, E. A.; Williard, P. G.; Mercado, B. Q.; Hazari, N.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Iron catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation to formate enhanced by Lewis acid co-catalysts". Chem. Sci. 2015, 6, (7), 4291-4299.
Kreye, M.; Freytag, M.; Jones, P. G.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H.; Walter, M. D. "Homolytic H2 cleavage by a mercury-bridged Ni(I) pincer complex [{(PNP)Ni}2{μ-Hg}]". Chem. Commun. (Cambridge, U. K.) 2015, 51, (14), 2946-2949.
Guang, J.; Liu, Q. P.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Lithium Pinacolone Enolate Solvated by Hexamethylphosphoramide". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, (23), 7347-7356.
Guang, J.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight (D-FW) Analysis of 2H Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)". J. Org. Chem. 2015, 80, (18), 9102-9107.
Fujiu, M.; Negishi, K.; Guang, J.; Williard, P. G.; Kuroki, S.; Mikami, K. "Chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selective perfluoroalkylations by a Grignard complex with zirconocene". Dalton Trans. 2015, 44, (45), 19464-19468.
Xu, H.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "C-H bond activation and S-atom transfer from cobalt(III) thiolate and isothiocyanate complexes". Dalton Trans. 2014, 43, (39), 14696-14700.
Tran, C. T.; Williard, P. G.; Kim, E. "Nitric Oxide Reactivity of [2Fe-2S] Clusters Leading to H2S Generation". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, (34), 11874-11877.
Su, C.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Influence of Steric Factors on Chiral Lithium Amide Aggregates". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, (8), 3246-3255.
Su, C.; Guang, J.; Williard, P. G. "Structures of Lithium N-Monosubstituted Anilides: Trisolvated Monomer to Tetrasolvated Dimer". J. Org. Chem. 2014, 79, (3), 1032-1039.
Su, C.; Guang, J.; Li, W.; Wu, K.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Chiral Lithium Diamides Derived from Linked N-Isopropyl Valinol or Alaninol". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, (33), 11735-11747.
Jin, D.; Williard, P. G.; Hazari, N.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Effect of Sodium Cation on Metallacycle β-Hydride Elimination in CO2-Ethylene Coupling to Acrylates". Chem. - Eur. J. 2014, 20, (11), 3205-3211.
Hanna, B. S.; MacIntosh, A. D.; Ahn, S.; Tyler, B. T.; Palmore, G. T. R.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Ancillary Ligand Effects on Carbon Dioxide-Ethylene Coupling at Zerovalent Molybdenum". Organometallics 2014, 33, (13), 3425-3432.
Chen, J.; Zhang, Q.-F.; Williard, P. G.; Wang, L.-S. "Synthesis and Structure Determination of a New Au20 Nanocluster Protected by Tripodal Tetraphosphine Ligands". Inorg. Chem. 2014, 53, (8), 3932-3934.
Chen, J.; Zhang, Q.-F.; Bonaccorso, T. A.; Williard, P. G.; Wang, L.-S. "Controlling Gold Nanoclusters by Diphosphine Ligands". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, (1), 92-95.
Rasapalli, S.; Jarugumilli, G.; Yarrapothu, G. R.; Ijaz, H.; Golen, J. A.; Williard, P. G. "Studies towards the total synthesis of hygrocins A and B". Tetrahedron Lett. 2014, 55, (4), 821-825.
Leonard,N.G.; Parker,G.V.; Williard,P.G.; Bernskoetter,W.H. "Coordination Chemistry of Iridium Phosphines & Sulfonate Complexes" J. Inorg. & Organometallic Polymers & Mat., 2014, 24 (1), 157-163.
Jin, D.; Schmeier, T. J.; Williard, P. G.; Hazari, N.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Lewis acid induced β-elimination from a nickelalactone: efforts toward acrylate production from CO2 and ethylene". Organometallics 2013, 32, (7), 2152-2159.
Su, C.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Crystal Structure and Solution State Characterization of Lithium (S)-(1-(Bis(2-methoxyethyl)amino)-3-methylbutan-2-yl)(methyl)amide". J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, (14), 7288-7292. PMID:23767993
Xu, H.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Intermolecular Methyl Group Exchange and Reversible P-Me Bond Cleavage at Cobalt(III) Dimethyl Halide Species". Organometallics 2013, 32, (3), 798-806.
Zhang, Y.; Hanna, B. S.; Dineen, A.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Functionalization of Carbon Dioxide with Ethylene at Molybdenum Hydride Complexes". Organometallics 2013, 32, (14), 3969-3979.
Su, C.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Characterization of Hexameric and Octameric sec-Butyllithium/sec-Butoxide Mixed Aggregates" Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2013, 24, 4136-4141.
Seo, J.; Williard, P. G.; Kim, E. "Deoxygenation of Mono-oxo Bis(dithiolene) Mo and W Complexes by Protonation". Inorg. Chem. 2013, 52, (15), 8706-8712. PMID:23865493
Su, C.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Characterization of Cyclopentyllithium and Cyclopentyllithium Tetrahydrofuran Complex". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, (33), 12400-12406. PMID:23875807
Nelson, C. D. S.; Carney, D. W.; Derdowski, A.; Lipovsky, A.; Gee G. V.; O'Hara, B.; Williard, P.; Dimaio, D.; Sello J. K.; Atwood W. J. "A retrograde trafficking inhibitor of ricin and shiga-like toxins inhibits infection of cells by human and monkey polyomaviruses". M Bio 2013, 4, (6); PMID:24222489
Su, C.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Mixed Aggregates of an Alkyl Lithium Reagent and a Chiral Lithium Amide Derived from N-Ethyl-O-triisopropylsilyl Valinol". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, (38), 14367-14379. PMID:23980610
Su, C.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Isotopically Enriched 13C Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy - Analysis of Methyllithium". J. Org. Chem., 2013,78 (23), 11733-11746. PMID:24134615
Xu, H.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "C-CN Bond Activation of Acetonitrile using Cobalt(I)". Organometallics 2012, 31, (5), 1588-1590.
Skodje, K. M.; Williard, P. G.; Kim, E. "Conversion of {Fe(NO)2}10 dinitrosyl iron to nitrato iron(III) species by molecular oxygen". Dalton Trans. 2012, 41, (26), 7849-7851. PMID:22538296
Beng, T. K.; Tyree, W. S.; Parker, T.; Su, C.; Williard, P. G.; Gawley, R. E. "Dynamics of Catalytic Resolution of 2-Lithio-N-Boc-piperidine by Ligand Exchange". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, (40), 16845-16855. PMID:22967289
Henderson, K. W.; Dorigo, A. E.; MacEwan, G. J.; Williard, P. G. "Structure of an unsymmetrical heptalithium cage complex containing aldolate and enolized aldolate dianion". Tetrahedron 2011, 67(52), 10291-10295.
Kagan, G.; Li, W.; Li, D.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Characterization of Dimeric Chiral Lithium Amide Structures Derived from N-isopropyl-O-triisopropylsilyl Valinol". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133(17), 6596-6602.
Kagan, G.; Li, W.; Sun, C.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Reaction of a Ketone-Derived 1,4-Dienolate Compound". J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76(1), 65-70.
Leonard, N. G.; Williard, P. G.; Bernskoetter, W. H. "Synthesis and coordination chemistry of organoiridium complexes supported by an anionic tridentate ligand". Dalton Trans. 2011, 40(16), 4300-4306.
Li, W.; Kagan, G.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Measurement of Solution Viscosity via Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)". J. Chem. Educ. 2011, 88(9), 1331-1335.
Li, W.; Kagan, G.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Application of 6Li diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) to confirming the solution structure of n-butyllithium". ARKIVOC (Gainesville, FL, U. S.) 2011(5), 180-187.
Annese, C.; Fanizza, I.; Calvano, C. D.; D'Accolti, L.; Fusco, C.; Curci, R.; Williard, P. G. "Selective Synthesis of Hydroxy Analogues of Valinomycin using Dioxiranes". Org. Lett. 2011, 13(19), 5096-5099. PMID:21905749
Annese, C.; D'Accolti, L.; De Zotti, M.; Fusco, C.; Toniolo, C.; Williard, P. G.; Curci, R. "Concerning Selectivity in the Oxidation of Peptides by Dioxiranes. Further Insight into the Effect of Carbamate Protecting Groups". J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75(14), 4812-4816.
Kagan, G.; Li, W.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "6Li Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY) and Applications to Organometallic Complexes". Org. Lett. 2010, 12(3), 520-523.
Li, W.; Kagan, G.; Yang, H.; Cai, C.; Hopson, R.; Dai, W.; Sweigart, D. A.; Williard, P. G. "Accurate Formula Weight Determination in Physically Separated Systems by Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight Correlation". Organometallics 2010, 29(6), 1309-1311.
Li, W.; Kagan, G.; Yang, H.; Cai, C.; Hopson, R.; Sweigart, D. A.; Williard, P. G. "Physically Separated References for Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight (D-FW) Analysis of Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY) in Water". Org. Lett. 2010, 12(12), 2698-2701.
Socha, A. M.; Kagan, G.; Hopson, R.; Sello, J. K.; Williard, P. G. "Diffusion coefficient-formula weight correlation analysis via DOSA NMR to examine acylglyceride mixtures and biodiesel production". Prepr. Symp. - Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem. 2010, 55(2), 189-190.
Socha, A. M.; Kagan, G.; Li, W.; Hopson, R.; Sello, J. K.; Williard, P. G. "Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight Correlation Analysis via Diffusion-Ordered Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (DOSY NMR) To Examine Acylglycerol Mixtures and Biodiesel Production". Energy Fuels 2010, 24(8), 4518-4521.
Su, C.-C.; Williard, P. G. "Isomerization of Allyl Ethers Initiated by Lithium Diisopropylamide". Org. Lett. 2010, 12(23), 5378-5381.
Kagan, G.; Li, W.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Internally Referenced Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight (D-FW) Analysis of 31P Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)". Org. Lett. 2009, 11(21), 4818-4821.
Li, D.; Kagan, G.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Formula Weight Prediction by Internal Reference Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131(15), 5627-5634.
Li, D.; Keresztes, I.; Hopson, R.; Williard, P. G. "Characterization of Reactive Intermediates by Multinuclear Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY)". Acc. Chem. Res. 2009, 42(2), 270-280.
Liu, J.; Li, D.; Sun, C.; Williard, P. G. "Analysis of an Asymmetric Addition with a 2:1 Mixed Lithium Amide/n-Butyllithium Aggregate". J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73(11), 4045-4052.
| Year | Degree | Institution |
|---|---|---|
| 1976 | PhD | Columbia University |
| 1974 | MA | Columbia University |
| 1972 | MS | Bucknell University |
| 1972 | BS | Bucknell University |
J William Fulbright Research Scholar, Univ. Rouen, Rouen, France, 2015-2016
Visiting Faculty, University Immersion Program, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2014
Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science Visiting Fellow, 2013
Vitamin D Research Award, Brown University, 1998
National Institutes of Health, Research Career Development Award, 1988-93
Visiting Scientist, Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Chemistry, Osaka, Japan, 1984
National Insitutues of Health Postdorotral Fellow, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1977-79
George B. Pegram Distinguished Fellow, Columbia University, 1976
Sigma Xi, Columbia University, 1973
University Faculty Fellow, Columbia University, 1972-73
American Chemical Society, Susquehanna Vallery Section Award, 1972
Phi Beta Kappa, Bucknell University, 1971
PhiLambda Upsilon, Bucknell University, 1971
Gertrude H. Deppen Scholarship, Bucknell University, 1968-72
| CHEM 0080B - Molecular Structures in Chemistry and Biology |
| CHEM 0350 - Organic Chemistry |
| CHEM 0360 - Organic Chemistry |
| CHEM 0600 - Preparative Chemistry Lab |
| CHEM 1560G - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance |
| CHEM 2420 - Organic Reactions |
| CHEM 2430 - Synthetic Organic Chemistry |
| CHEM 2870 - Departmental Colloquia |
